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Explaining Differences in Child Care Policy Development in France and the USA: Norms, Frames, Programmatic Ideas

Department of Political Science and an affiliate of the School of Public Policy and Governance at the University of Toronto, lwhite{at}chass.utoronto.ca

This article provides an answer to the question of why government support for child care policies and programs in the United States remains weak, despite increasing levels of women’s labor market participation and a relatively strong women’s movement, but strong in France, a country that has had lower levels of women’s labor market participation as well as a much weaker women’s movement. While those differences can be explained in part by economic and political interests and institutional and broad cultural differences, a theoretically richer understanding emerges when one examines how the three kinds of ideas underpinning these policy choices — norms, frames, and programmatic ideas — helped shape policies that emerged within specific actor, institutional, and cultural contexts.

Key Words: Child care • Norms • Frames • France • United States

International Political Science Review, Vol. 30, No. 4, 385-405 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0192512109340055


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